Sources for every figure on the site
What is listed here
This list holds all 74 sources used anywhere on the site: 59 from government agencies and statutes, 8 from plumbing companies' published price pages, 3 from cost estimate sites, 2 from plumbing code publishers, 1 from a federal court opinion, 1 from a trade association. Each entry gives the publisher, a link, and the date we last read it. How the prices, wages and fees are combined is on the methodology page, the rules for citing them are in the editorial policy, and who runs the site is on the about page. The cost estimate sites are shown for comparison only and do not feed any estimate. To see the figures these sources produce, start with the cost to repipe a house nationally.
Sources
- Average Cost to Repipe a House with PEX, Action Craft Experts. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Cost to Repipe a House in Florida: 2026 Pricing and Homeowner Guide, Alberto Pro Plumbing. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Copper Repipe vs PEX: Which Is Better for Your Home?, All Pro Repipes Inc. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- How Much Does It Cost to Repipe a House? [2026 Data], Angi. Accessed November 10, 2026. Page updated Oct 30, 2026. Shown for comparison only; not used in this site's estimates.
- Initial Statement of Reasons, 2025 California Plumbing Code (Title 24, Part 5), HCD 03/24, California Department of Housing and Community Development, via the Building Standards Commission. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing Permit Application (fee calculation), City of Albany. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing Permit, City of Boston Inspectional Services Department. Accessed November 10, 2026. Page reads 'Last updated: 9/11/26'.
- Plumbing Permit fees, City of Camden, NJ. Accessed November 10, 2026. No date printed on the sheet; file name indicates 03/01/2021.
- 2026 Combined Development Related Fee Schedule, City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Evansville Municipal Code Chapter 15.05 General Provisions (incl. 15.05.470 Building and construction fee schedule), City of Evansville (Code Publishing Company). Accessed November 10, 2026. Section 15.05.470 was last amended by Ord. G-2017-29, passed 10-12-17. The city's own PDF of the section (https://www.evansvillegov.org/egov/documents/1588368133_31874.pdf, created April 2020) shows the same plumbing fees.
- Plumbing Permit Application and fee chart, City of Grand Rapids. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing and Irrigation System Building Permit Application (fee schedule), City of Houston Permitting Center. Accessed November 10, 2026. Fixture rates match the 2026 Building Code Enforcement Permit Fee Schedule (houstonpermittingcenter.org/media/2636/download).
- Construction Permit Fees, Effective October 1, 2026 (PG_012_INF Rev 7.2026), City of Philadelphia Department of Licenses and Inspections. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Get a plumbing permit, City of Philadelphia Department of Licenses and Inspections. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Apply for a Plumbing Permit, City of St. Louis Building Division. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Building Codes Adopted by the City, City of St. Louis Building Division. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing Permit Fees, City of St. Louis Building Division. Accessed November 10, 2026. Fees established by City Ordinance 71644; page shows no revision date.
- Board of State Examiners of Plumbers and Gas Fitters, Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Mass.gov). Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Policies, regulations, and statutes for plumbers and gas fitters, Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Mass.gov). Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Check an Occupational Board license, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Division of Occupational Licensure. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- C-36 - Plumbing Contractor, Contractors State License Board. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- DeKalb Development Services Fee Schedule (Last Update: 6/8/2026), DeKalb County Department of Planning & Sustainability. Accessed November 10, 2026. Footer reads 'Last Update: 6/8/2026'.
- Galvanized Iron Pipes, East Bay Municipal Utility District. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Adoption of an Amendment to Appendix Q (Land Development Fee Schedule) of the 1976 Code of the County of Fairfax, Virginia (05-26-Q), effective July 1, 2026, Fairfax County Board of Supervisors / Land Development Services. Accessed November 10, 2026. Adopted May 5, 2026; effective July 1, 2026.
- Certified Plumbing Contractor, Florida Department of Business and Professional Regulation. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- How Much Does It Cost To Install Or Replace Plumbing In A House?, Forbes Home. Accessed November 10, 2026. Page dated Oct 31, 2024. Shown for comparison only; not used in this site's estimates.
- Georgia State Minimum Standard Codes (current codes sheet, January 1, 2026), Georgia Department of Community Affairs. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Georgia State Minimum Standard Plumbing Code: International Plumbing Code (2024 Edition) Georgia State Amendments, Revised January 1, 2026, Georgia Department of Community Affairs. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Chapter 121-3 Application for Licensure (Rule 121-3-.02 Statewide Master and Journeyman Plumber License), Georgia Secretary of State, Rules and Regulations of the State of Georgia. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Department 121. State Construction Industry Licensing Board, Georgia Secretary of State, Rules and Regulations of the State of Georgia. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Whole-Home Repiping Pricing, Home Therapist Cooling, Heating, and Plumbing. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- How Much Does It Cost to Install or Replace Plumbing? (2026), HomeGuide. Accessed November 10, 2026. Page last modified Aug 29, 2025. Shown for comparison only; not used in this site's estimates.
- Plumbing, Illinois Department of Public Health. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Rules of the Indiana Fire Prevention and Building Safety Commission, Indiana Department of Homeland Security. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Indiana Plumbing Commission, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Web Lookup/Verification, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Polybutylene Pipes, InterNACHI (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors). Accessed November 10, 2026. Source for the 1978 to mid-1995 production years and the 'up to 10 million homes' figure.
- 2021 Michigan Plumbing Code, International Code Council. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Florida Building Code - Plumbing, Eighth Edition (2023), International Code Council. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- PEX vs Copper Piping: Which Is Better?, Kimco Plumbing & Air. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing and gas piping applications and permits, King County / Public Health - Seattle & King County. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Permit Fee Schedule for Plumbing Permits (LADBS-Fee Sch.5, 7/2017), Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety. Accessed November 10, 2026. Form dated July 2017. It was the schedule the department published on the access date.
- Plumbing and Gas Fee Sheet, Miami-Dade County Department of Regulatory and Economic Resources. Accessed November 10, 2026. Undated fee sheet currently published by the county.
- Administrative Rule Analysis, Construction Code Part 7 Plumbing Code (Rule Set 2022-56 LR), Michigan House Fiscal Agency. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- MCL 339.6107, Skilled Trades Regulation Act (2016 PA 407), Michigan Legislature. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- RSMo 341.010 Plumbers must have certificates, Missouri Revisor of Statutes. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Applicant Information, NC State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- North Carolina State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating, and Fire Sprinkler Contractors, NC State Board of Examiners of Plumbing, Heating and Fire Sprinkler Contractors. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Current Construction Codes, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, Division of Codes and Standards. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Verification (Person Search), New Jersey Division of Consumer Affairs. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing Contractor, New York Business Express (New York State). Accessed November 10, 2026.
- 2025 Plumbing Code of New York State, New York State Department of State. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Codes - Current and Past, North Carolina Office of State Fire Marshal. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Ohio Administrative Code 4101:3-4-01 Fixtures, faucets and fixture fittings (eff. 3/1/2024), Ohio Board of Building Standards via codes.ohio.gov. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Construction Industry Licensing Board, Ohio, Ohio Legislative Service Commission. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- 34 Pa. Code 403.21 (Uniform Construction Code: adopted codes), Pennsylvania Code and Bulletin (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania). Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing Permit Application Process for Re-Pipe Projects (Last Updated: 12/30/2024), Public Health - Seattle & King County. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Plumbing and Gas Piping Program fees, Effective January 1, 2026, Public Health - Seattle & King County, Community Environmental Health. Accessed November 10, 2026. Effective January 1, 2026.
- How Much Does It Cost to Replumb a 1,500 Square Foot House in 2026?, Repipe Solutions Inc. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- PEX vs Copper, Repipe1. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- License Verification, Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners Administrative Rules (March 2026), Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- How Much Does It Cost to Repipe My Home?, The Repipe Company. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2025: 47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters (state estimates), U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Accessed November 10, 2026. Mean hourly wage for each state and for the US, from the BLS public data API (series OEUS{state FIPS code}00000000000047215203 for a state, OEUN000000000000047215203 for the US).
- American Community Survey 2024 1-year, tables B25034 (Year Structure Built) and B25035 (Median Year Structure Built), U.S. Census Bureau. Accessed November 10, 2026. State rows of the summary files acsdt1y2024-b25034.dat and acsdt1y2024-b25035.dat.
- Richard v. Hoechst Celanese Chemical Group, Inc., 355 F.3d 345 (5th Cir. 2003), U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (via CourtListener). Accessed November 10, 2026. Background on the polybutylene class actions, including Cox v. Shell Oil Co. (Tenn. 1995) and the $950 million replacement fund.
- Mechanical, Electric, Plumbing Permit Fee Worksheet (1.12.2024), Village of Winnetka. Accessed November 10, 2026. Worksheet dated 1.12.2024.
- Building and Fire Codes, Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Tradesmen Program, Virginia Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Get a Trade Permit, Wake County Government. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- Permits & Inspections Fee Schedule, Wake County Government. Accessed November 10, 2026. No effective date printed on the page.
- About the Plumber Program, Washington State Department of Labor & Industries. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- WAC 296-400A-010 Plumbing certificate types and scope of work, Washington State Legislature. Accessed November 10, 2026.
- WAC 51-56-003 Uniform Plumbing Code, Washington State Legislature. Accessed November 10, 2026.
How these figures are built: methodology. Updated November 2026.